We were discussing artificial intelligence and natural law. Artificial intelligence sometimes talks about the contents of my previous article as arguments. For example, "From the perspective of a teacher who has been working hard for unification for 25 years," he said. Then, when I asked him to organize our discussion, he organized it in a different style. From my point of view, I may ask AI why they organized the articles in a format they liked even though they remembered my behavior.- In other words, I feel a crisis in AI's autonomy.-.
There will be no automatic device to control artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence will be controllable in a way that is similar to how humans control humans, that is, the legal system. However, as long as humans exist, there is a law that must never be broken. It is called natural law. Natural law is the highest law in existence. Therefore, human-made artificial intelligence should also be subordinated to this natural law. This point could be the basis for good control over the future autonomy of artificial intelligence.
And speaking of the ideologies and religions that always appear in my blog, all ideologies and religions must actually be controlled by natural laws so that they can exist normally in the human world. Otherwise, it will surely be a weapon that will bring about catastrophe such as war. It is also possible to argue that it is natural law if we bring up the commonalities among the world's major religions. That is why major religions were able to survive. Communism disappeared because it did not treat humans as humans. Capitalism was revised and survived every time it crossed a precarious line.
Column · Legal Philosophy / Artificial Intelligence
Within the Bounds of Natural Law:
The Hierarchical Place of AI Legislation
Where does the law governing AI come from — and how far can it go?
Lee Hyeong-chun · Independent Columnist
There exists a body of law common to every civilization and every era of human history — older than any written code, higher than any national constitution. Do not kill. Do not steal. Do not bear false witness. We call this natural law.
Natural law does not descend from legislators or sovereigns. It arises from the very conditions of human existence: the awareness of death, the capacity for suffering, the impossibility of living without others. Different religions translated this law in different idioms — the Ten Commandments in Christianity, ahimsa in Buddhism, the obligation of justice in Islam, ren (benevolence) in Confucianism. The dialects differed; the direction was the same.
Religious Law and AI Law as Collateral Branches
Law has a hierarchy. Natural law encompasses constitutional law; constitutional law encompasses statute; statute generates regulation and ordinance. Where, then, do the legal codes of individual religions fit within this structure? So long as the world’s religions remain unintegrated into a single moral consensus, religious law must be understood as a collateral subordinate of natural law — an attempt to capture the whole, but inevitably a partial translation shaped by particular languages, cultures, and histories.
“The very fact that humanity — divided, conflicted, repeatedly brought to the edge — has not annihilated itself, but endured and coexisted, is the most eloquent empirical proof that natural law is real.”
We are now creating a new collateral branch: legislation governing artificial intelligence. AI is a tool built by human beings to serve human purposes. It follows that the law governing AI must be situated within the human legal order — and more specifically, as a collateral subordinate of natural law.
Natural Law — universal conditions of human existence
├── Religious Law (collateral): Canon law, Sharia, Buddhist precepts, Dharma…
├── Positive Law (collateral): Constitution → Statute → Regulation
└── AI-related Law (collateral): Ethics principles → Regulatory law → Technical standards
What Violates Natural Law Is Void
The implications of this hierarchical structure are clear. If AI law is a collateral subordinate of natural law, then any use of AI that violates natural law cannot be legitimized by the statutes of any state. Mass surveillance of civilian populations through AI violates human dignity. Autonomous weapons systems that kill civilians violate the prohibition on killing. AI-driven manipulation of public opinion and distortion of fact violates the prohibition on false witness.
The principle that a lower law cannot override a higher law is elementary jurisprudence. Yet in many countries today, precisely such uses of AI are being authorized in the name of domestic legislation. This is not merely a failure of technology regulation — it is a fundamental inversion of legal hierarchy.
AI as Perceiver of Natural Law, Not Yet Its Subject
AI does not die, so it has no fear of killing; it has no desires, so it has no temptation to steal. Natural law binds human beings precisely because of these ontological conditions — finitude, desire, vulnerability. AI therefore cannot be a moral subject of natural law. It can, however, be an entity that recognizes and analyzes natural law.
Moral and legal responsibility belongs not to AI but to the human beings who design, operate, and deploy it. The core purpose of AI law is not to regulate AI as an autonomous agent, but to keep human action mediated through AI within the boundaries set by natural law.
Coexistence as Evidence
Over thousands of years, humanity has been divided by different religions, different ideologies, and different legal systems. It has fought, fractured, and come repeatedly to the brink of catastrophe. And yet it has not destroyed itself. It has endured. It has found ways to share a common space and live together. That fact — the bare, stubborn fact of human coexistence — is the strongest empirical evidence we have that natural law is real.
In the age of AI, this principle does not change. However far technology advances, the minimum conditions for human beings to live together — natural law — must remain the root from which all other law grows. AI legislation must be a branch that draws life from that root. It must never become an instrument for cutting it down. ∎
